| Questions | Learning objectives | Download |
Module 4.1.
Cycles and flows of plant nutrients |
How do plant nutrients and water flow in the biosphere?
How have these flows been altered by Man? |
To be familiar with cycles of plant nutrients in nature and how various
sanitation systems affect these cycles. |
ppt -
pdf - |
Module 4.2.
Treatment of excreta for safe reuse |
Is it safe to use treated faecal matter in the garden? |
How to treat urine and faeces for safe handling and reuse in crop cultivation.
Co-treatment of organic materials from households. |
ppt -
pdf - |
Module 4.3
Compost treatment |
What happens in a compost? How is the material degraded and what are the end products like? |
Composting as a biological treatment of organic waste. Processes and the function of the system.
|
ppt -
pdf - |
Module 4.4
Biogas - a way to solve sanitation problems. |
How much biogas can be produced from excreta and biomass?
How safe is the process and its sludge? |
To understand the fundamental processes in biogas production,
and get an overview of biogas generation in the world. |
ppt -
pdf - |
Module 4.5.
Greywater is man-made |
Greywater as a resource? What happens with used household chemicals? |
The role of households in tackling environmental and resource challenges. |
ppt -
pdf - |
Module 4.6.
Greywater - processes |
What compounds can be removed? How can Nature assist or react? |
To become familiar with basics of various physical, chemical and
biological processes. |
ppt -
pdf - |
Module 4.7.
Greywater treatment |
Can we remove all the pathogens and heavy metals? What is in the sludge? |
Get familiar with various treatment options and with the application of
various processes |
ppt -
pdf - |
Module 4.8.
Excreta fertilisers in agriculture |
How can ecological fertilisers from excreta best be used? |
Factors limiting yield. Functions of plant nutrients. Examples and recommendations. |
ppt -
pdf - |
Module 4.9.
Environmental systems analysis |
Can sanitation systems be compared fairly? How to measure impacts? |
System boundaries. Quantification of environmental effects and resource use. |
ppt -
pdf - |
Module 4.10.
Comparisons of sanitation systems |
How can a dry urine diverting toilet system be compared with
a conventional system? |
Effects on water, climate and various resource use. Cost-benefit analysis. |
ppt -
pdf - |
Total Chapter 4 download:
ppt - -- pdf - |
